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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 75-87.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00180

• • 上一篇    下一篇

穹状沙丘与新月形、线形、格状沙丘的共生格局及发育风况特征

王欣瑶(), 吕萍(), 余军林, 武怡霏, 韦弈辰   

  1. 陕西师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院,陕西 西安 710119
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 修回日期:2025-11-11 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 吕萍
  • 作者简介:王欣瑶(2001—),女,山西运城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为风沙地貌学。E-mail: w2545526178@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42271006)

Coexistence patterns and wind regimes of dome dunes with barchanlinearreticulate

Xinyao Wang(), Ping Lv(), Junlin Yu, Yifei Wu, Yichen Wei   

  1. School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Revised:2025-11-11 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11
  • Contact: Ping Lv

摘要:

穹状沙丘在地球上广泛分布,且常与其他沙丘类型共存。以往研究主要关于穹状沙丘形态及其发育环境,缺少关注全国尺度共存区穹状沙丘形态及其发育风况特征。本文以中国主要沙漠范围内9处穹状沙丘与新月形沙丘共存区、13处穹状沙丘与线形沙丘共存区以及2处穹状沙丘与格状沙丘共存区的穹状沙丘为研究对象,基于 Google Earth 卫星影像和ERA5再分析数据对其形态和发育风况进行了对比研究。结果表明:从穹状沙丘规模来看,穹状沙丘与线形沙丘共存区(简单)最小,穹状沙丘与线形沙丘共存区(复杂)最大。从发育风况看,各共存区的年平均风速近似,月平均风速变化趋势一致;起沙风活动均呈现春夏季频率高、秋冬季骤降的规律,大多数全年起沙风风向单一,部分穹状沙丘与新月形沙丘共存区存在着风向的季节变化,穹状沙丘与格状沙丘共存区和部分穹状沙丘与线形沙丘共存区全年受双风向的影响。从输沙势来看,穹状沙丘与新月形沙丘共存区表现为低风能、风向变率范围大,对应双峰、宽单峰风况;穹状沙丘与线形沙丘共存区表现为低风能、中等变率,主要对应双峰风况;穹状沙丘与格状沙丘共存区表现为低风能、中等变率,对应钝双峰风况。局地风况的差别是不同区域穹状沙丘形态差异的主要原因。

关键词: 穹状沙丘, 形态, 风况, 共存

Abstract:

Dome dunes are widely distributed on Earth and often coexist with other dune types. Previous research has primarily focused on the morphology of dome dunes and their developmental environments, but systematic studies on their morphology and developmental wind regimes across national scale coexisting zones are lacking. The research subjects of this study are dome dunes from 9 coexisting zones with barchan dunes, 13 coexisting zones with linear dunes, and 2 coexisting zones with reticulate dunes within China's major deserts as research objects. Using Google Earth satellite imagery and ERA5 reanalysis data, we conducted a comparative study of their morphology and developmental wind regimes. The results showed that: In terms of dune scale, dome dunes in the dome-linear zones(simple) are the smallest, while those in the dome-linear zones(complex) are the largest. Regarding wind regimes, the annual average wind speeds in the various coexisting zones are similar, and the monthly average wind speed trends are consistent. Sand-driving winds occur most frequently in spring and summer, with a sharp decrease in frequency during autumn and winter. Most areas experience a single sand-driving wind direction throughout the year, while some dome-barchan zones exhibit seasonal changes in wind direction. The dome-reticulate zones and some dome-linear zones are influenced by bidirectional wind directions all year round. In terms of drift potential, the dome-barchan zones exhibit low wind energy and a wide range of directional variability, corresponding to bimodal or wide unimodal wind regimes. The dome-linear zones exhibit low wind energy and medium variability, primarily corresponding to bimodal wind regimes. The dome-reticulate zones exhibit low wind energy and medium variability, corresponding to obtuse bimodal wind regimes. These findings indicate that differences in local wind regimes are the primary factor driving the morphological variations of dome dunes across different regions.

Key words: dome dune, morphology, wind regime, coexistence

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